Session+4+ISA+14

(see the list of all sessions at http://isarc10internetforum.wikispaces.com/ISA+2014 )

(split in two sessions to balance number of papers per session and give more time for presentation of each paper)
Format: Oral Is this an invited session?: N Language: English Research Committee: RC10 Participation, Organizational Democracy and Self- Management (host committee)

**Tuesday, July 15, 2014: 08:30 AM - 10:20 AM, Yokohama, Booth 65**
Abstract id# 40346 From Self-Management to Representative Democracy – the Case of Two Kibbutz Industrial Plants
 * Michal PALGI**, The Institute for Research of the Kibbutz and the Cooperative Idea, The University of Haifa, Israel, Yaffa MOSKOVICH, Institute for Research of the Kibbutz and the Cooperative Idea, The University of Haifa, Israel; Organizational Sociology, Zefat College, Israel and Yuval ACHOUCH, Institute for Research of the Kibbutz and the Cooperative Idea, University of Haifa, Israel

Abstract Text: Theories of new organizational forms usually assume that in the 21stcentury the official trend in the majority of small industrial organizations in Western Society is more worker oriented, more democratic, with flatter hierarchical structures and more worker oriented. In this paper we would like to show when and why an organization abandons its self-management praxis and changes from a neo-organizational structure into an almost Weberian structure. In order to do so we will show the parallelism between processes occurring in many kibbutz communities by analyzing two case studies of kibbutz plants. This is done by studying the interplay between changes in the kibbutz culture and changes in the plant through life cycle theories and organizational culture theories. Our research methodology was qualitative and ethnographic interviews were held with kibbutz members employed by the organization, with kibbutz members and with CEOs that had held jobs in the past. The interviews were conducted between 2009 and 2013. This enabled us to better understand the social and organizational processes that occurred in the community and in the plant. The main findings show that both kibbutz communities underwent far reaching changes and at the same time so did their industrial plants. But, while the kibbutz communities limited their steps towards privatization the plants went all the way – the one plant has diminished in size as it sold out most of its manufacturing activities and now it concentrates mainly on selling and servicing products it used to manufacture. The other plant has grown and thrived but abandoned most of its democratic characteristics in favor of bureaucratic ones.

Abstract id# 38815 User Participation in Welfare Service Management – Possibility of Authentic Argumentation Between the Welfare Service Users and Welfare Professionals
 * Terry TF LEUNG**, Social Work, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong

Abstract Text: User participation is an age-old piece of good practice advice for human services. In Hong Kong, user participation in service management and planning is mandatory for welfare service organizations that receive public funding. Also encouraged by consumerist impetus, many welfare service organizations in Hong Kong include service users in their governance structures to inform the making of management decisions. However, critics often have doubt on the possibility of authentic argumentation between the welfare service users and welfare professionals in these organizational platforms. Habermas’ model of a discursive space that is free from the domination of power remains an ideal to be realized. The author has conducted a study on the participation of welfare service users in governing welfare service organizations in Hong Kong. The study sets out to interrogate the interaction dynamics between the welfare service users and the welfare professionals in organizational decision-making platforms. Drawing from Habermas’ theory of communicative action (Habermas, 1986), the presentation will discuss how the welfare service users construct their institutional identity and the institutional power relations, and the ways that their lifeworld and system world interact to influence the communicative actions. The presentation will also explore the ways that discourse orientation and communicative competence of the participants shape the discursive space for organizational decision-making. The discussion will help assess the possibility of authentic argumentation in traditional power asymmetry between the welfare service users and the welfare professionals in the Chinese society of Hong Kong. Reference: Habermas, J. (1986). //The theory of communicative action - Reason and////the// //r////ationalization of society.// Cambridge: Polity Press.

Abstract id# 61858 Employee Representation in the German Craft Sector – a Neglected Form of Industrial Democracy Abstract Text: The German Crafts and Trade Code (“Handwerksordnung”, HWO) with its strict rules for market access is often regarded as a pure anachronism and it is regularly put into question by the European Commission who sees it as a barrier to the freedom of trade. However, the German regulation of craft is also an example of industrial democracy as since the enactment of the Crafts and Trade Code in 1953 employee representatives are part of the regulatory bodies, the chambers of craft and in particular the vocational training committees. Since this time employee participation has been further developed and democratized. The paper will analyse the historical background of these developments and carve out the strengths and shortcomings of employee participation in the autonomous regulation of German craft sectors. It will discuss the impact of employee representation on setting standards for the sector in general and vocational training in particular. On the basis of this analyses the paper will draw conclusions regarding the viability of this form of participation in a context that is increasingly shaped by rules of a liberal market economy. Finally, it will ask if employee representation in the German craft sector can be a model for other sectors and countries.
 * Stefan LÜCKING**, Research Funding Department, Hans Böckler Foundation, Düsseldorf, Germany

Abstract id# 37916 Decentralization: From the Constitution's Dream to Reality
 * Maria Zefisa SOARES MENEZES**, Geografia Física y Análisis Geográfico Regionall, University of Barcelona, Fortaleza, Brazil

Abstract Text: This paper aims to analyze the decentralization of public policies in the state of Ceará, Brazil, as supported in the Federal Constitution of 1988. The decentralization agenda, mobilizing social and institutional players, proposed the partaking of decisions during the elaboration and management of public policies in order to strengthen and expand citizenship bonds. The establishment of structures for the arbitration and recognition of organized sectors within civil society bolstered the public sphere for the discussion and negotiation amongst various social and institutional segments. This allowed in specific circumstances for a communal decision-making process in turn strengthening the bonds of a new civic and partnership culture across Brazilian constituencies. The hypothesis presented in this article is that investments in this joint model and the assertion of a shared politic and civic culture were weak due to of the lack of institutional support from the local, state and Federal government. However, the dilemmas that emerged during the self-organization and creation of representation instances closer to the social actors have strengthened the local democracy. Keywords: Decentralization. Social participation. Public policies

**Cooperation and Participation 2, Thursday, July 17, 2014: 10:30 AM - 12:20 PM, Yokohama, Booth 65**
Abstract id# 52683 Trust, Loyalty, and Culture in Organizations
 * Alla KUPREYCHENKO** and Victoria RYBAKOVA, National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Moscow, Russia

Abstract Text: The trend in business is based on the idea that an employee is the primary resource of any organization, that sincerity, benevolence, trust and loyalty of employees is a major competitive advantage. The purpose of the study was to examine relationship between different psychological organizational phenomena, such as trust, loyalty, and organizational culture in organizations with different spheres of activity. Hypotheses were tested using survey data different organizations: publishing, nanotechnology, banking, PR, marketing. The results of comparative and the correlation analysis of trust, loyalty and types of organizational culture have given evidence of all hypotheses. The results suggested that separate components of trust, loyalty and culture are related between each other. Organizational culture is related to organizational trust and employees’ loyalty, i.e. different types of culture require particular combination of trust and loyalty indicators. Organizational trust is related to employees’ loyalty, i.e. each component of organizational trust will be determined by the specific rate of each type of loyalty (organizational, professional, labor). Moreover differences of preferred and actual culture indexes are inversely related to overall level of trust and loyalty. The study carried out in a unique context of poor explored Russian market could provide further practical and theoretical insights and contributed to the understanding of the nature, development, and maintenance of trust, loyalty and culture in organizations. Yet, this understanding has not been fully translated to the business community in a way that encouraged the actions necessary to reduce the growing trust deficit. Senior leaders should re-double their efforts to build better practices for communication and employee involvement, along with strategies for reducing employee vulnerability and dependence. These efforts should be integrated into the cultural norms of the organization, where trust is a part of every interaction between employees.

Abstract id# 34057 Cooperation Of Various Stakeholders In Providing Youth Services In Estonia
 * Tanja DIBOU**, Institute of Political Science and Governance, Tallinn University, PhD student, Tallinn, Estonia

Abstract Text: Youth policy is a relatively new challenging phenomenon studied under various contexts. In the context of EU studies, the youth policy is seen as system of the complex interactions between domestic, transnational, and supranational actors in the youth field. The young people require a new attitude, that means seeing youth policy across traditional sector boundaries and from youth perspectives. Currently, the main issue of youth policy implementation is the problem to organize an efficient interaction between different institutions and stakeholders across levels and sectors. The important task of the paper is to present Estonian experience of the implementation cross sector integrated model of youth policy. The objectives of the paper: -to explore how the main actors of youth policy identify cross sector integrated youth policy, their attitudes,views about it; -to analyse how is youth policy playing out across vertical levels or horizontal levels of governance. If it is not working well and if so why? Consideration of and barriers to better implementation of integrated youth policy; - to share good existing practices of cooperation between various stakeholders in the youth field and to introduce the key tools for good cooperation and participation in youth policy. The main theoretical conceptions that are used in work: -Simona Piattoni multilevel governance framework to study vertical and horisontal dimension of cooperation in Estonian youth policy. -Howard Williamson theoretical approach“the five Cs” to characterize Estonian youth policy. The analysis is based on the results of semi- structured interviews and 1 focus group with experts from youth field in Estonia. The survey examined the following issues:
 * Knowledge about integrated youth policy across various stakeholders,
 * Contribution of main stakeholders in developing Estonian youth policy
 * Cooperation between stakeholders.

Abstract id# 36315 Ict Infrastructures For Social Public and Political Participation
 * Mariella BERRA**, Cultura Politica e società, Turin University, Torino, Italy

Abstract Text: Diffusion and deployment of high-speed Internet and related services are considered a key element for fostering a smart, sustainable and inclusive growth and taking advantage of a digital single market for households and businesses and overcome the digital divide. This contribution is bound to explore the link between ICT diffusion and smart growth, putting in evidence how high-tech information technology is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for a true smart development. By means of first-hand quantitative as well as qualitative data deriving from the research project//,// conducted in Piedmont region in 2010-12, and also on European and national surveys on ICT diffusion this paper explores to what extent ICT can really induce high intensity knowledge activities and services able to promote social participation and cooperation. This paper will highlight how a cooperative game between the different social, institutional and economic actors can improve the quantitative and qualitative diffusion of ICT infrastructures and give raise to effective vertical (interaction among Regions, provinces, municipalities) and horizontal (interactions between institutions, public companies and non-profit organizations) forms of e –government and e-governance aimed at creating a social and cultural capital.. Furthermore on the base of 40 case studies of territorial Wi-Fi facilities it will be put in evidence how the creation of these infrastructures, highly placed in a territorial context, can manage to create a social model which combines technology and technological capabilities with social relations, giving rise to interesting forms of cooperation among social actors in promoting both the growth of citizens services, new economic innovative activities and interesting forms of participation.

Abstract id# 49002 Las Tecnologías De Información, Conocimiento y Comunicación: Una Nueva Infraestructura Para La Participación
 * Bruno David DOMINGUEZ ALFARO**, Student, IPN-UPIICSA, Ecatepec, Mexico

Abstract Text: La participación dentro de una comunidad es tan visible por el lugar donde impacta las decisiones que se toman, pero muchas veces esta expresión de los integrantes de una comunidad no se da en las cantidades que podrían beneficiar a la misma comunidad. Este fenómeno para para muchos pudiera ser “normal”. En realidad puede tener diferentes razones, desde un contexto personal, dado por diferencias entre los vecinos, hasta un contexto dado por las insuficiencias del medio de comunicación para involucrar a todos los vecinos en los eventos que se suscitan. Entonces, estos contextos que por su naturaleza, presentan características, da la pauta que exigen un nuevo medio por el cual la participación presente su mayor cualidad: beneficiar a los vecinos y la comunidad. Todos los vecinos juegan un mismo papel como integrantes de la comunidad, y para generar la participación se necesitan alguien que emerja en un nivel que le dé un carácter como organizador, que establezca los principios que promueva la participación. Sin embargo, hoy en día, ya no se necesita un actor que solamente organices, sino que vaya más allá. El nuevo perfil debe entenderse como un conjuntos de vecinos que si promuevan y organicen las participaciones, pero también, una herramienta que pueda cubrir las carencias de los medios de comunicación típicos de la comunidad y establezca las bases de una base sólida para generar conocimiento.

Abstract id# 46197 Paper withdrawn Cooperation and Participation: In Globalization
 * Bijan PANT**, Economics and Sociology, Research/Teaching (ippar.org/International Associaiton of University), Gloucester, United Kingdom

Abstract Text: Profit is at the heart of neoliberal economy so within globalization Compnaies are moving well beyond their borders. Capitalism even rapidly growing in old centers of communism. However the enormous economic interdependency among the nation states able to engage world government in or other way round, the gap that separates the world rich and poor, both within and also between countries, is unconscionable and growing. How people and nation states can enagage and take ownership of economic globalization as a contributor rather than be only a recipient. Decision-making power is also becoming more and more centralized and remote. Most of the decisions that affect the global economy are now taken by the G8 rather than the UN general assembly, where all countries are represented, but which is reduced now to no more than discussing the impact of decisions made by the corporate states (Bhasin, 2003: 11). As a result huge number of nation and people are excluded from growth and development so the question is more challenging how can cooperate and facilitate them more sustainable way of economic growth? The participation issue in globalization is political process rather than technical (Walby, 2005:331), as a process of developing a more inclusive democracy, by improving democratic practises but on the other hand, the technical process is represented as one of efficiency and expertise carried out by the normal policy actors. Pant (2010:244) highlights the sustainable approach for economic globalisation; process and priorities rather than products and resources allocation, cooperation rather than unhealthy competition among the companies and nation states in the name of free market economy and trade. Consultation and participation rather than conflict for power and resources.The pursuit of sustainable economic globalization is only possible when meaningful cooperation and participation exist among the actors around the globe.
 * Economic Globalization:**
 * Cooperation/Participation**:

Session Organizer and chair Akihiro ISHIKAWA **Visiting researccher:** Chuo University Institute of social sciences Japan **Email:** janosik@mxz.mesh.ne.jp -- Will not be published Session Organizer and Chair Pawel STAROSTA University of Lodz Poland **Email:** starosta@uni.lodz.pl -- Will not be published
 * ISACONF Member